Problem 32

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Classify symbolic systems with specification.

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See problem 8e

I don't know that a complete classification is out there, but the following two papers would seem to answer many or most of the ergodic theory questions about shifts with specification:

1. Over a finite alphabet, every shift space with specification is synchronized[1]

 

2. The ergodic theory of such shifts can be studied using countable state Markov chains [Klaus Thomsen, "On the ergodic theory of synchronized systems". Ergodic Theory Dynam. Systems 26 (2006), no. 4, 1235–1256].

Together these give some strong results.  Bowen's 1974/75 paper shows that a shift with specification has a unique MME.  Combining 1 and 2 above (and applying results of Gurevich) one obtains that this MME has exponential decay of correlations.  Similarly for more general equilibrium states (using Sarig's work for the Markov chain part), as well as for some non-uniform specification properties [arXiv:1502.00931].


References

  1. [bertrand1986specification] Bertrand A.  1986.  Specification, synchronisation, a verage length. International Colloquium on Coding Theory and Applications.

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